An absorption line is a line which corresponds to the absorption
of electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength.
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In the absorption spectrum the peaks are due to preferential absorption at a definite wavelength by molecules, ions, etc.
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To determine UV-absorption you need to use UV-light. And there's
a defined wavelength for UV-light.
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The behaviour of electromagnetic waves of depends on their
wavelengths. As a result the critical angle for refraction changes
according to the wavelength.